8TH GRADE · HEAT ENGINES
Gas operation and engine design
Gas expansion, internal combustion engine and steam turbine.
The entire theory of the lesson is collected here; you can read it without an account. In interactive mode, the same theory appears as cards, followed by questions. with checking the answer and task, and progress is saved.
Basic Concepts
Work of expanding gas
Gas performs mechanical work when it expands and moves the piston or turbine blades.
Some of the internal energy of the gas is converted into mechanical energy, and compression by an external force can increase the internal energy.
Internal combustion engine
A heat engine in which fuel is burned inside a cylinder and the expanding gas acts on a piston.
The four-stroke cycle includes intake, compression, power stroke and exhaust; useful work is obtained mainly during the working stroke.
Steam turbine
A heat engine in which a stream of steam rotates a shaft, acting on a system of blades.
Turbines are used in power plants, where the rotation of the shaft is transmitted to an electrical energy generator.
Physical quantities
Gas work
Mechanical energy transferred by an expanding gas to external bodies.
Unit: joule ·
Related formulas
The same formulas in the reference, with symbols and units.
Tasks on the topic
Statements, answer options and the walkthrough.