10TH GRADE PRACTICE
Physics Problems: Molecular kinetic theory, Grade 10
Gas particles, temperature and gas laws.
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Problem statements
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Problem #71
Molecular kinetic theory: particles and their movementDetermine molar mass , mass of one molecule, number of molecules in substances and mass molecules.
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Answer
Problem #72
Molecular kinetic theory: particles and their movementAvailable carbonic acid . Determine the relative molecular mass, molar mass, amount of substance, number of molecules, mass of one molecule, number of atoms of each element, and total number of particles.
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One molecule contains two hydrogen atoms, one carbon and three oxygen atoms.
There are 2 particles in a hydrogen atom, 18 in carbon-12, and 24 in oxygen-16.
Answer
Problem #73
Molecular kinetic theory: particles and their movementInto the lake area and average depth threw a crystal of salt in mass . How many molecules of salt are there in a glass of water with a volume of after uniform distribution?
Problem #74
Molecular kinetic theory: particles and their movementA glass of water evaporated in days. How many molecules were released from the water every second? Take a lot of water .
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Problem #75
Molecular kinetic theory: particles and their movementWhat pressure does the gas exert? , if the concentration of molecules , and the mean square speed ?
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Basic equation of molecular kinetic theory.
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Problem #76
Molecular kinetic theory: particles and their movementDetermine the average kinetic energy of a molecule and the root mean square velocity of oxygen and hydrogen molecules at .
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The average energy depends only on temperature, so it is the same for oxygen and hydrogen.
Hydrogen is 16 times lighter than oxygen, so its molecules are 4 times faster.
Answer
Problem #77
Molecular kinetic theory: gas lawsAt temperature the gas pressure in the vessel is equal to . What will the pressure be at at constant volume?
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The volume is constant - this is an isochoric process, Charles's law.
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Problem #78
Molecular kinetic theory: gas lawsIn a cylinder with a volume gas is under pressure at . How many molecules are in the gas and what volume does it occupy under normal conditions?
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The Mendeleev-Clapeyron equation gives the same thing, because R = kN_A.
Answer
Problem #79
Molecular kinetic theory: gas lawsHow many molecules are there in gas at and pressure ?
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The same technique as in problem 78.
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Problem #80
Molecular kinetic theory: gas lawsWhat is the density of carbon dioxide under normal conditions?
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We express density directly from the equation of state.
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Problem #81
Molecular kinetic theory: particles and their movementAvailable gas in volume under pressure . Determine the average kinetic energy of the molecule.
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Boltzmann's constant cancels out because R = kN_A.
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Problem #92
Molecular kinetic theory: particles and their movementThe gas temperature changed from up to . How many times did the average kinetic energy and root mean square speed of the molecules change?
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The temperature dropped by half.
Average energy is directly proportional to temperature.
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